About Me |
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Completed M. Pharm in the year 2019 from Siksha 'o' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha with specialization in Pharmacology. I have guided 6 under graduate students. Currently pursuing my Ph.D. in Pharmacy under Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. I have actively involved myself in product development like cream, and gel. |
Aspirin
is widely used acidic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Antioxidant and
cytoprotective activity has been suggested by many reports and research is
still going on for further in-depth study. Cytoprotection in the corneal
epithelium has been undertaken using aspirin-in-hydrogel formulation in rat eye
model. HPMC hydrogel matrix formulation was prepared by solvent casting
technique. Redox-induced corneal cell damage was monitored by applying ferric
chloride and pyknotic cells were viewed by histological assessment and
quantified by image j software. Aspirin treated group showed a recovery in
corneal cell injury as compared to ferric chloride-induced group. The
cytoprotective activity of aspirin might be due to scavenging OH-
radicals. Aspirin acted as a chemical trap for hydroxyl radicals, the most
damaging reactive oxygen and thus inhibited NF-kB activation. This antioxidant
property of aspirin probably has protected the corneal cell from the damage
induced by ferric chloride and hence aspirin could be a better option for
corneal cell protection. Also the signs of carrageenan induced acute
inflammation have been inhibited completely just within 2 h of placing the film
in the rabbit eye. Both the drug release and corneal permeation have been
sustained due to the presence of HPMC K100M in all the films and have exhibited
diffusion controlled mechanism. Relatively more sustained drug release and
permeation was noticed when polymer content increased in the film (67.39 and 69.51 % respectively at the end of 6 h). In
conclusion, aspirin film formulation could be utilized for sustained activity
in corneal cell protection and ocular inflammation with better patient
compliance.
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Budesonide, a glucocorticosteroid is generally used to treat chronic inflammation and
asthma. Hepatic first-pass metabolism and poor solubility are the major causes of its limited oral
bioavailability. Present work was undertaken for the preparation of hydrogel film formulation with
cyclodextrin complexation of budesonide containing quaternary surfactant for possible enhancement
of mucosal permeation. FTIR study confirmed drug-polymer hydrogen bonding. Almost complete
amorphization of the drug was pronounced by SEM, DSC and XRD studies. The film containing
benzalkonium and hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin exhibited in vitro dissolution and mucosal
permeation to the highest extent of 87.2 and 95.8 % respectively in contrast to the others. Film formed
hydrogel in aqueous mucin and enhanced the mucosal tissue residence time due to the mucoadhesive
nature of the polymer. Acute inflammation in the rabbit eye was controlled within 3 h by applying the
film in the cul-de-sac. The presence of cyclodextrin and quaternary surfactant brought about
significantly improved drug release and mucosal permeation compared to their absence in the HPMC
film. Hydrogel formed in aqueous mucin enhanced the mucosal residence time and controlled acute
inflammation in the rabbit eye within 3 h after topical application.
Nanoformulations (nanodrug) are superior to traditional medicine with respect to control release,
targeted delivery and therapeutic effects. Such nanomedicine targeting capabilities are influenced by
particle size, surface charge, surface modification, and hydrophobicity. Among these, it is important to
determine the size and size distributions of nanoparticles for their interaction with the cell membrane
and their penetration across the physiological drug barriers. The size of nanoparticles used to cross
different biological barriers depends on the tissue, target site and circulation. For the cellular
internalization of the nanoparticles, surface charge is important in determining whether the nanoparticles
would cluster in blood flow or would adhere to, or interact with oppositely charged cell membranes.
Persistence of nanoparticles is needed in systemic circulation of the body For the targeted delivery. But
the fixed macrophages of the mononuclear phagocytic system organs rapidly opsonize and massively
clear the conventional nanoparticles with hydrophobic surface. The surface of conventional nanoparticles
are modified with different molecules to improve circulation time and persistence in the blood. Coating
of hydrophilic polymers can create a cloud of chains at the particle surface which will repel plasma
proteins. Finally, morphological characteristics, surface chemistry, and molecular weight influence the
performance of nanoparticles in- vivo. Surface modified nanoparticles have anti-adhesive properties by
virtue of the extended configuration on the particle surface which acts as steric barrier reducing the
extent of clearance by circulating macrophages of the liver and promoting the possibility of undergoing
enhanced permeation process. Release mechanism can be modulated by the molecular weight of the
polymer used. Higher the molecular weight of polymer slower will be the in- vitro release of drugs.
Nanoparticles are receiving considerable attention for the delivery of therapeutic drugs. The literature
emphasizes the advantages of nanoparticles over microparticles and liposomes.
The recent trends among pharmaceuticals firms of implementing marketing and integrating new
mechanisms for upgrading the innovation process also a new challenge for integrating marketing inputs
is one of the fundamental challenges for the pharmaceutical industry. At the same time it is expected that
after 1 January 2005, when international patent Laws will be implemented, Indian pharmaceutical
industry will undergo phenomenal changes. Indian domestic pharmaceutical industry experienced a
significant increase in expenditure on research and development to be competitive on the world market.
Although the Indian pharmaceutical market is very limited and has no enough funding for the
development of new drugs. In order to remain competitive in this highly regulated field the primary
purposes of this paper is to address the evolution of marketing strategies employed by pharmaceutical
industries.
Ocular drug delivery in hydrogel forming film form has several benefits
over conventional dosage forms. Ophthalmic anti-inflammation study have been
undertaken using topically applied aspirin in hydrogel film formulation.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix film formulation was prepared by
solvent casting and evaporation technique by taking triethanolamine (TEA) as a
plasticizer. Ex vivo corneal permeation as well as anti-inflammatory potential of
aspirin was studied on carrageenan induced rabbit eye model. Moisture uptake was
found to be in the range of 17.097 and 19.139 % for all the film formulations.
Higher HPMC content in the film exhibited increased both the moisture uptake and
content of swelling. Among the formulations the swelling order was found to be
increasing according to the increasing amount of HPMC in the film. Presence of
hydrogel matrix forming polymer sustained the drug release and corneal
permeation for more than 6 h and controlled the process by diffusion mechanism.
The signs of carrageenan induced acute inflammation have been inhibited
completely just within 2 h of placing the film in the rabbit eye whilst the positive
control continued showing redness and increased tear secretion. Aspirin ocular
film formulation could be utilized for ocular anti-inflammation for an extended
period of time with better patient compliance.
Keywords: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; ocular delivery; HPMC; swelling and erosion.
INTRODUCTION
Hydrogel based formulations for ocular drug delivery have several benefits
over conventional dosage forms such as the enhanced probability of delivering
drugs at a slow and uniform flow, improved ocular residence time and proper
dosing.1 This also will ensure better patient compliance due to the reduced
*Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC210504019N
Acce
Women are most likely to develop ovarian carcinoma, the leading source of transience and morbidity for
cancers that affect women. As the seventh greatest deadly malignancy among women, it is composed of
heterogeneous groups of neoplasms. Studies have identified numerous endogenous and exogenous
factors associated with ovarian cancer development. The International Federation released a report of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology (FIGO) on this development has led to a revision of the staging system to
provide prognostic information and recommendations regarding the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Various cancer drugs have been developed over the past several years that are less toxic and more
effective, so there is an increasing need for exact and consistent cancer diagnostics and prognoses. In
managing ovarian cancer, biomarkers have helped separate benign from malignant mass in the pelvis
and monitor response to treatment. Over the past four decades, CA125 has been the primary marker for
ovarian cancer. This study is intended to present an updated global view of epithelial ovarian carcinoma,
the most common form.
Dysfunction or death of pigment-producing cells causes vitiligo. As a result, white patches or macules
can appear on anywhere on the body including the mouth, eyes, hair, and other areas. Vitiligo is more
noticeable in darken skin people. It is not contagious or life-threatening but may lead to mental stress or
get down to one’s self-confidence. It occurs in both males and females. There is a wide variety of medical
treatments available for those suffering from vitiligo. The treatment range from steroid creams to
phototherapy, to surgery. Plant-based therapeutic preparation is recurrent to complement dermatological
therapy. There is the use of traditional herbal drugs in vitiligo treatment. Some herbs are used topically
on one’s skin or orally consumed which helps in minimizing or decreasing the white patches or macules.
Herbal drugs constituents like capsaicin, piperine, curcumin, khellin, green tea polyphenols having
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-necrobiosis properties are found to have very effective treatment
options for vitiligo.
Herbal
medicines are considered as the preferred treatment option for various common
ailments in almost all parts of India because of their traditional values,
lesser known side effects, easy accessibility, and affordability and so on. In
spite of several advancements, modern medical science failed to cater to the
needs of all people and deal with ever increasing diseases and disorders. The
people from the socio-economic weaker sections and those living in remote areas
rely solely on herbal medicines for healthcare needs, which are the only
accessible and affordable therapy.
Now I am searching for a good Journal. Shortly communicated.
Films are prepared by slurry casting technique using sodium starch glycolate as a viscosity enhancer and
polypropylene glycol as a plasticizer. The prepared film was investigated for the effectiveness of super
disintegrant as a disintegrating agent as well as on viscosity. Disintegration time is one of the major contributing
factors toward drug release from film formulation. The super-disintegrant sodium starch glycolate is the widely
used and best disintegrating agent. Recent studies were to explore the impact of sodium starch glycolate (SSG)
concentration on the slurry viscosity before casting, thickness, disintegration time, and mechanical properties
containing fexofenadine were depicted. Mass uniformity, surface pH, % elongation, tensile strength, thickness,
swelling, and spreadability were found to be within the standard limiting value. The weight of the films ranges
from 12 mg to 21mg which showed a thickness of 0.166mm to 0.021 mm. similarly folding endurance showed
good flexibility. Due to proper pH, there is no signs of irritation inside the buccal chamber. The amount of drug
content in all the three formulations is more than 95% , possessing good tensile strength and % elongation which
indicated that the formulations were satisfactory.
Films are prepared by slurry casting technique using sodium starch glycolate as a viscosity enhancer and
polypropylene glycol as a plasticizer. The prepared film was investigated for the effectiveness of super
disintegrant as a disintegrating agent as well as on viscosity. Disintegration time is one of the major contributing
factors toward drug release from film formulation. The super-disintegrant sodium starch glycolate is the widely
used and best disintegrating agent. Recent studies were to explore the impact of sodium starch glycolate (SSG)
concentration on the slurry viscosity before casting, thickness, disintegration time, and mechanical properties
containing fexofenadine were depicted. Mass uniformity, surface pH, % elongation, tensile strength, thickness,
swelling, and spreadability were found to be within the standard limiting value. The weight of the films ranges
from 12 mg to 21mg which showed a thickness of 0.166mm to 0.021 mm. similarly folding endurance showed
good flexibility. Due to proper pH, there is no signs of irritation inside the buccal chamber. The amount of drug
content in all the three formulations is more than 95% , possessing good tensile strength and % elongation which
indicated that the formulations were satisfactory.
The present study relates to the field of designing and implementing a framework of systematic approach for nanoparticles for the treatment of heart disease.
The present invention relates to the field of designing & implementing a framework of
machine learning based technique to analyze the pros and cons of In-situ gel. The
formulations that made of aloevera extracts are considered for the study.