Studies on the diversity and abundance of butterfly in and around CUTM, Paralakhemundi campus, Odisha (India)

The present investigation on species diversity and abundance of butterfly was carried out in and around, CUTM, Paralakhemundi campus during January-2017 to June-2018. A total of 578 individuals butterfly were recorded during the present study. Out of which, 45 species under 5 families viz., Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae were observed. The highest number was recorded from family Nymphalidae (22 species, 48.89%) followed by Pieridae and Lycaenidae (7 species each with 15.56%) however, Papilionidae and Hesperiidae recorded 5 and 4 species with 11.11 and 8.89% of relative abundance, respectively. Out of 45 species, 44 were found in forest ecosystem with total abundance of n= 299 followed by 35 species (n=153) in horticultural ecosystem and then 33 species (n=126) in agro- ecosystem. The forest ecosystem recorded the highest diversity index and evenness (3.59 and 0.95) followed by agro-ecosystem (3.24 and 0.93) and horticultural ecosystem (3.23 and 0.91). The highest number of species was recorded from forest ecosystem and the presence of such diversity in and around the campus reflects the healthiness of the surrounding environment.

Occurrence of Odonates in M. S. Swaminathan School of agriculture (MSSSoA), CUTM, Paralakhemundi campus, Odisha

The present investigation on occurrence of Odonates was carried out in the campus of M. S.
Swaminathan School of Agriculture (MSSSoA), CUTM, Paralakhemundi during 2018-2019. A total of
21 species of Odonata including 14 species of dragonflies under 1 family – Libellulidae of Anisoptera
and 7 species of damselflies under 1 family – Coenagrionidae of Zygoptera were recorded from three
different types of habitats in MSSSoA campus. The species belonging to the family Libellulidae was
found to be abundant with 14 species followed by the family Coenagrionidae with 7 species.

Host Range, Life Aspects and Mode of Damage of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) on Brinjal: A Review

Brinjal (Eggplant) Solanum melongena Linnaeus is the most important vegetable of hot and humid climates. A wide range of essential biochemicals and minerals belongs to brinjal. It is a fairly good source of iron, calcium, phosphorous, potassium and vitamin B group. Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is the major infectious insect causing a great damage to plants. BSFB generally depends on brinjal but it may infest other solanaceous field crops and may be on wild hosts. The insect has been reported a number of crops such as S. tuberosum (potato), S. lycopersicum and some other Solanaceous crops. The damage by this borer starts at seedling stage and continues till the last harvest of fruits. Egg-laying occurs during night and incubation period ranges from 3-8 days depending of environmental conditions. Larval period completes in 12-22 days depending upon environmental situations and passes through five instars. Full grown larvae pupate into the soil or under plant debris and dropped dead shoots. Adult of BSFB is a whitish moth which hides during day time and activates from dusk to perform various activities like mating oviposition. Larvae bore into fruits and shoots and in younger plants, caterpillars drill into midrib of large leaves. At the time of maturity, damage of the insect on fruits causes a serious loss in yield.

Diversity of insect pollinators and Sesamum indicum L.in Gajapati district of Odishatheir effect on yield parameters of Sesamum,

The study entitled “Diversity of Insect pollinators and their effect on yield parameters of Sesamum, Sesamum indicum L.
in Gajapati District of Odisha” 

Bio efficacy of different novel insecticides against aphid, A. gossypii in transgenic cotton

Field efficacy of some new insecticides were assessed against cotton aphid, A. gossypii during kharif 2011-12 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur. Bt cotton hybrid RCH-2 was selected for this experiment. A total of 9 insecticides were tried against the aphid population. Out of all the insecticides tried after three sprays, imidacloprid 70%WG showed the best result with 69.4% mortality followed by diafenthiuron 50%WP and fipronil 80%WG with 66.2% 60.1% mortality respectively and buprofezin 25%SC worked least with 44.7% mortality. However out of all the insecticides treated plots, fipronil 5% SC treated plot gave highest yield with 13.5q/ha followed by fipronil 80%WG with 13.4q/ha and diafenthiuron 50%WP 12.7q/ha.

Biology and feeding pattern of black inch worm, Hyposidra talaca Walker (Lepidoptera : Geometridae) : A major defoliating pest of plantation crops

Hyposidra talaca Walker, a polyphagous pest which is considered as a major
defoliating pest of tea in north-east India has been reported to feed on a variety of trees,
shrubs and weeds. H. talaca, commonly known as black inch worm or twig caterpillar,
was recently noticed to cause a considerable damage in Clerodendrum indicum, a medicinal
shrub which is gaining worldwide recognition and importance because of its outstanding
medicinal properties in MSSSoA campus during 2018-19. Biology of the pest when studied
was observed that the incubation period was about 5.8±0.55 days and there were five
larval instars in its complete life cycle. The total larval duration of H. talaca was 18.1±2.73
days. In the laboratory, the life cycle of H. talaca completed within 47±4.79 days.

Field Efficacy Of Some New Molecules Against Diamondback Moth (Plutella Xylostella L.)On Cabbage ( Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata).

Field efficacy of some new molecules were assessed against diamondback moth on cabbage
during rabi season in 2014-15 and 2015-16 at “In Check Farm”, C-Block, B.C.K.V., Kalyani,
Nadia, West Bengal. The maximum number of larval population was recorded during first
week of March, 2015when minimum and maximum temperature was 16.83°C and 33.16°C
respectively while minimum and maximum relative humidity was 42.57% and 80.29%
respectively. Similarly for the second year, maximum number of larval population was
recorded during second week of March, 2016 when minimum and maximum temperature was
15.74°C and 35.28°C respectively while minimum and maximum relative humidity was
41.37% and 82.36% respectively.Then in both the years, gradually the larval population
decreases gradually and reaches its minimum population strength during last week of
March.In both the years, larval population of Diamondback moth is positively correlated with
the temperature (max. and min.), rainfall and sunshine hours. Among all the insecticides, a
ready mix formulation of Novaluron(5.25%SC) + Emamectin(0.9%SC) 925ml/ha shows
highest mortality i.e. 93.28% and 92.54% respectively in the year 2014-15 and 2015-16.

Estimation of yield losses and bioefficacy of some novel insecticides against leaf hopper, Amrasca devastans in transgenic cotton

Estimation of yield losses and Field efficacy of novel insecticides against leafhoppers on transgenic
cotton were assessed during kharif 2011. Estimation of yield losses due to, leafhoppers, in RCH-2BG-II,
RCH-2NBt, Tulasi-9BG-II and Tulasi-9NBt under protected and unprotected conditions was done with
eight treatments and three replications in Factorial Randomized Block Design. RCH-2 was susceptible
and Tulasi-9 was tolerant hybrid against leafhoppers. Among the treatments; Tulasi-9 NBt recorded
lowest yield loss (13.13%) and RCH-2NBt recorded highest yield loss (19.99%) followed by Tulasi-9
BG-II and RCH-2 BG-II. The bioefficacy of certain novel insecticides against leafhopper recorded
Fipronil 5% SC @50g a.i. ha-1 and fipronil 80% WG @50g a.i. ha-1 were effective in managing
leafhopper with a population reduction of 70.9% and 67.6%, respectively.

Estimation of yield losses and Field efficacy of novel insecticides against leafhoppers on transgenic
cotton were assessed during kharif 2011. Estimation of yield losses due to, leafhoppers, in RCH-2BG-II,
RCH-2NBt, Tulasi-9BG-II and Tulasi-9NBt under protected and unprotected conditions was done with
eight treatments and three replications in Factorial Randomized Block Design. RCH-2 was susceptible
and Tulasi-9 was tolerant hybrid against leafhoppers. Among the treatments; Tulasi-9 NBt recorded
lowest yield loss (13.13%) and RCH-2NBt recorded highest yield loss (19.99%) followed by Tulasi-9
BG-II and RCH-2 BG-II. The bioefficacy of certain novel insecticides against leafhopper recorded
Fipronil 5% SC @50g a.i. ha-1 and fipronil 80% WG @50g a.i. ha-1 were effective in managing
leafhopper with a population reduction of 70.9% and 67.6%, respectively.